Does Clemmensen reduction reduce alcohol?
However, the corresponding alcohol is believed not to be an intermediate, since subjection of the alcohol to Clemmensen conditions generally does not afford the alkane product.
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| Organic Chemistry Portal | clemmensen-reduction |
| RSC ontology ID | RXNO:0000038 |
Does zinc amalgam reduce alcohol?
Generally, zinc amalgam and highly concentrated hydrochloric acid under reflux are employed to suppress the formation of by-products such as alcohols, dimerization products including pinacols, and related compounds.
What does Zn Hg and HCL do?
The reaction of aldehydes and ketones with zinc amalgam (Zn/Hg alloy) in concentrated hydrochloric acid, which reduces the aldehyde or ketone to a hydrocarbon, is called Clemmensen reduction.
Does Clemmensen reduce aldehyde?
The Clemmensen Reduction allows the deoxygenation of aldehydes or ketones, to produce the corresponding hydrocarbon. The substrate must be stable to strong acid. The Clemmensen Reduction is complementary to the Wolff-Kishner Reduction, which is run under strongly basic conditions.
When does Clemmensen reduction not work?
The oxygen atom is lost in the form of one molecule of water. However, the reaction is not suitable for substances sensitive to acids. Also, -COOH group can’t be reduced by this method.
When do you use Clemmensen reduction?
Clemmensen reductions can be used in total synthesis due to the mild conditions – in this case 34 to 35 is a Clemmensen reduction that selectively reduces a ketone in the presence of an amide.
Does zinc amalgam contain mercury?
Silver-mercury amalgams are important in dentistry, and gold-mercury amalgam is used in the extraction of gold from ore. Dentistry has used alloys of mercury with metals such as silver, copper, indium, tin and zinc.
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What reagent is used to reduce ketones to alcohols?
LiAlH4 and NaBH4 are both capable of reducing aldehydes and ketones to the corresponding alcohol.
Which reagent is used for Clemmensen reduction?
Zinc amalgam (Zn-Hg) is most commonly used in the Clemmensen reduction, which takes ketones adjacent to aromatic rings down to the alkane.
Which is better Wolff-Kishner or Clemmensen?
Wolff-Kishner reduction is complementary to Clemmensen reduction, which also converts aldehydes and ketones to hydrocarbons, in that the former is carried out in strongly basic medium and the latter in strongly acidic medium.
Why is Zn Hg used in Clemmensen reduction?
The zinc amalgam is used in Clemmensen Reduction as the reaction of zinc with hydrochloric acid releases hydrogen gas (H₂). In this way, zinc amalgam acts to trap the active H₂ gas as it is formed, and it also allows to attack the carbonyl compound rather than it released H₂ gas.
Does Wolff-Kishner reduce esters?
It is well known that Wolff-Kishner reduction is specific for aldehydes and ketones. If Carboxylic acids or esters are subjected to Wolff-Kishner redcution what would be the product formed.
Does Wolff-Kishner reduce aldehydes?
The reduction of aldehydes and ketones to alkanes. The Clemmensen Reduction can effect a similar conversion under strongly acidic conditions, and is useful if the starting material is base-labile. …
Does Wolff-Kishner reduce Nitro?
The methods most commonly used for deoxygenation of carbonyl groups to alkanes are the Clemmensen reduction,1 the Wolff-Kishner reaction,2,3 and the Mozingo reduction. … Similarly, Zn can be used for the reduction of aromatic nitro compounds to anilines, but still requires the use of a heavy metal.
What is Popoff rule?
Popoff’s rule states that during the oxidation of unsymmetrical ketone, the cleavage of the C−CO bond is such that the keto group always stays with the smaller alkyl group.